Diabetic eye disease is one of the leading causes of vision loss among adults in the U.S. At Tiverton Eyecare, we help patients in Rhode Island manage eye health and catch early signs of ocular diseases before it's too late.
How Diabetes Affects Your Eyes
Does diabetes affect your eyes? Yes, often in ways you can’t see or feel until real damage has occurred. The most common diabetes-related eye problems stem from changes in blood vessels, especially those in the retina.
When blood sugar levels remain high over time, it can weaken and damage the delicate vessels in the retina, the part of your eye that sends visual signals to the brain. This leads to a condition known as diabetic retinopathy, which can progress through several stages:
- Mild Nonproliferative Retinopathy: This early stage involves small areas of swelling in the blood vessels. Patients typically experience no noticeable symptoms.
- Moderate Nonproliferative Retinopathy: As the condition progresses, some blood vessels that nourish the retina become blocked, increasing the risk of vision issues.
- Severe Nonproliferative Retinopathy: More vessels become blocked, and the retina begins to suffer from poor blood flow. This can lead to the growth of abnormal new vessels.
- Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: This advanced stage involves the growth of new, fragile blood vessels on the retina’s surface. These can leak fluid or blood, increasing the risk of retinal detachment.
- Diabetic Macular Edema (DME): DME can occur at any stage of retinopathy. It happens when fluid leaks into the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision. It often causes blurred or wavy sight.
- Other Diabetic Eye Conditions: People with diabetes are also at higher risk for glaucoma and cataracts — both of which can lead to vision loss if not treated. Elevated blood pressure and cholesterol only compound these risks.
What Are the Symptoms of Diabetic Eye Disease?
Diabetic eye conditions often begin without symptoms, which is why many people don’t realize their vision is at risk until it’s already been compromised. Even when symptoms do appear, they may be mild or come and go, making it easy to dismiss them as fatigue or a normal part of aging. Here are the most common symptoms of diabetic eye disease to watch for:
- Blurry or distorted vision
- Seeing flashes of light or floating spots (floaters)
- Dark or empty areas in your field of view
- Trouble focusing or reading
- Sudden vision changes in one or both eyes
- Faded or washed-out colors
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Eye pain or pressure (in later stages)
These signs may indicate retinal swelling, leaking blood vessels, or even retinal detachment, all of which require prompt medical attention. If you or a loved one with diabetes notices any of these symptoms, don’t wait to seek care.
How to Protect Your Vision When You Have Diabetes
Living with diabetes doesn’t mean you’re destined for vision loss. With the right care and consistent habits, it’s possible to preserve your eyesight and stay ahead of potential issues, even before symptoms appear. Here’s how people in Tiverton can take charge of their eye health:
1. Comprehensive Eye Exams
Comprehensive eye exams are essential, even if you’re not experiencing symptoms. These visits allow our eye doctor to monitor the retina and spot early signs of damage.
2. Monitor Blood Sugar Closely
High blood sugar levels are one of the leading causes of diabetic eye disease. If your blood sugar levels remain high, it can damage the blood vessels in your eyes over time. Keep your numbers as steady as possible, consult with our eye doctor to determine your goal, and establish healthy daily habits.
3. Control Blood Pressure and Cholesterol
People with diabetes often have other health issues like high blood pressure and cholesterol. These can also damage your eyes. If you are taking medicine for these problems, continue taking it. Eating healthy and staying active can also help. It’s all connected; what’s good for your heart is good for your eyes.
4. Know If You’re at Higher Risk
Some people have a higher chance of getting diabetic eye problems. You may be at higher risk if:
- You’ve had diabetes for many years
- Your blood sugar is often high
- You are pregnant
- You smoke
- You have other health problems, like kidney disease
5. Don’t Ignore Vision Changes
Changes to your vision can be easy to miss or ignore. However, minor signs, such as blurry vision, flashes of light, or floating spots, could indicate a problem. If you notice anything different, even if it goes away, call us. It’s always better to get it checked.
Preserve Your Vision with Warm, Local Care in Tiverton, RI
Your vision matters, not just for reading or driving, but for maintaining independence and quality of life. At Tiverton Eyecare, we believe that eye care should feel approachable, not overwhelming. If you’re managing diabetes, this is your reminder to schedule a comprehensive eye exam and speak with a provider who understands the unique needs of patients in Tiverton.
Diabetes Eye Awareness FAQs
What are the early symptoms of diabetic eye problems?
Early signs include blurry vision, floating spots, difficulty focusing, and faded colors. Some patients also notice trouble seeing at night or flashes of light.
Can managing my blood sugar really prevent vision loss?
Yes. Stable blood sugar levels, along with controlled blood pressure and cholesterol, significantly lower your risk of developing diabetic eye conditions or worsening existing damage.
How often should people with diabetes get an eye exam?
Most patients with diabetes should undergo a comprehensive eye exam annually. Our eye doctor may recommend more frequent visits based on your health status and test results.